LIFE U-N-V
STUDY REPORT
“Pain Treatment“
Chronic or Acute Pain, Myalgia, Fibromyalgia
Chronic:
Stephen I. Zimmerman, R. P. T., Fred N. Lerner; Biofeedback and electromedicine: Reduce the cycle of pain-spasm-pain in low-back patients; American Journal of Electromedicine; 1989 Jun, S. 108- 120
Jerry T. Holubec; Cumulative Response from Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) for Chronic Pain; Practical Pain Management; 2009 Nov-Dec (n=525)
Acute:
Rockstroh G., Schleicher W., Krummenauer F.; The advantage during a stationary follow-up-treatment applying microcurrrents on patients after implantation of a knee total endoprothesis - a prospective randomised clinical case study; Rehabilitation 2010, 49: p. 173-179
Pain relief in fibromyalgia (GFT) Roizenblatt et al.; Site-specific effects of transcranial direct current stimulation
on sleep and pain in fibromyalgia: a randomized, sham-controlled study. Pain Practice: The official Journal of the World Institute of Pain; 2007; 7: S. 297-306
Fregni et al.; A randomized, shamcontrolled, proof of principle study of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia; Arthritis and Rheumatism; 2006, 54: S. 3988-3998
Daniel L. Kirsch; Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia; Practical Pain Management, Electromedicine; Sept. 2006; S. 60-64
A. S. Lichtbroun, M. M. Raicer, R. B. Smith; The treatment of fibromyalgia with cranial electrotherapy stimulation; Journal of clinical rheumatology; 2001 Apr; 7(2): S. 72-8; discussion 78
Headache, Migraine Tension headache:
Seymour Solomon, Arthur Elkind, Fred Freitag, R. Michael Gallagher, Kenneth Moore, Bernard Swerdlow, Stanley Malkin; Safety and Effectiveness of Cranial Electrotherapy in the Treatment of Tension Headache; Headache-The Journal of Head and Face pain; July 1989, Vol. 29, Nr. 7, S. 445– 450
D. L. Kirsch; Electromedical Treatment of Headaches; Practical pain management, Electromedicine; 2006 Nov/Dec, S. 58-65
Migraine:
P. Brotman; Transcranial Electrotherapy, Low-intensity transcranial electrostimulation improves the efficacy of thermal biofeedback and quieting re ex training in the treatment of classical migraine headache; American Journal of Electromedicine; 1989 Sep, S. 120-123
A. Antal, N. Kriener, N. Lang, K. Boros, W. Paulus; Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex in the prophylactic treatment of migraine; Cephalalgia; 2011 Mai; 31(7): S. 820-8. Epub 2011 Mar 11
Knee Arthrosis / Degenerative Knee Joint Disorders
L. E. Bertolucci, T. Grey; Clinicalcomparative study of microcurrent electrical stimulation to mid-laser and placebo treatment in degenerative joint disease of the temporomandibular joint; Cranio: the journal of craniomandibular practice, 1995 Apr; 13(2): S. 116-120
TMJ Pain
Degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint:
L. E. Bertolucci, T. Grey; Clinical comparative study of microcurrent electrical stimulation to mid-laser and placebo treatment in degenerative joint disease of the temporomandibular joint; Cranio: the journal of craniomandibular practice, 1995 Apr; 13(2): S. 116- 120
Arthralgia
L. E. Bertolucci, T. Grey; Clinical comparative study of microcurrent electrical stimulation to mid-laser and placebo treatment in degenerative joint disease of the temporomandibular joint; Cranio: the journal of craniomandibular practice, 1995 Apr; 13(2): S. 116-120
Pain in General
Postoperative:
G. Rockstroh, W. Schleicher, F. Krummenauer; The advantage during a stationary follow-up-treatment applying microcurrrents on patients after implantation of a knee totalendoprothesis - a prospective randomised clinical case study; Rehabilitation 2010, 49: p. 173-179
T. M. Sarhan; Doghem; Effect of microcurrent skin patch on the epidural fentanyl requirements for post operative pain relief of total hip arthroplasty; Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology; 2009; S. 411-415
Other:
Fregni et al.; A sham-controlled, phase II trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of central pain in traumatic spinal cord injury; Pain; 2006; 122: S. 197-209
M. D. Soler, H. Kumru, R. Pelayo, J. Vidal, J. M. Tormos, F. Fregni, X. Navarro, A. Pascual-Leone; Effectiveness
of transcranial direct current stimulation and visual illusion on neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury; Brain: A Journal of Neurology; 2010 Sep, 133(9): S. 2565-77. Epub 2010 Aug 4
Kaya, Kamanli et al.; Direct current therapy with/without Lidocaine Iontophoresis in myofa-scial pain syndrome;
Bratisl Lek Listy; 2009; 110 (3), S. 185-191
Back Pain
Joseph S. H. A. Koopman, Dorien H. Vrinten M. D., Albert J. M. van Wijck; Efficacy of microcurrent therapy
in the treatment of chronic nonspecific back pain: a pilot study; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009
Muscle Pain
D. Curtis; S. Fallows; M. Morris; C. McMakin; The efficacy of frequency specific microcurrent therapy on delayed onset muscle soreness; Journal of bodywork and movement therapies; 2010 Juli; Elsevier
Studies and Case Reports – Psyche Depression
P. S. Boggio; S. P. Rigonatti; R. B. Ribeiro; M. L. Myczkowski; M. A. Nitsche; A. Pascual-Leone; F. Fregni; A randomized, double-blind clinical trial on the efficacy of cortical direct current stimulation for the treatment of major depression; International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology; 2008 Mar, 11(2): S. 249-54; Epub 2007 Jun 11
Fregni et al.; Treatment of major depression with transcranial direct current stimulation; Journal of The International Society for Bipolar Disorders; 2006; 8: S. 203-204
Marshall F. Gilula; Daniel L. Kirsch; Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation Review: A Safer Alternative to Psychopharmaceuticals in the Treatment of Depression; Journal of Neurotherapy; 2005, Vol. 9(2), S. 7-26; The Haworth Press
Improvement of working memory in depression:
Fregni et al.; Cognitive effects of repeated sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with depression; Depression and Anxiety Journal; 2006; 23: S. 482-484
Anxiety States
Ray B. Smith; Frank N. Shiromoto; The Use of Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation to Block Fear Perception in Phobic Patients; Life Balance International, Current Therapeutic Research; 1992, Vol. 51, Nr. 2, S. 249-254
Stress
Ronald R. Mellen et al.; Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) and the Reduction of Stress Symptom in a Sheriff´s Jail Security and Petrol Officer Population: A Pilot Study; American Jails, 2008 Nov/Dez, 22, 5, Docstoc, S. 32
Aggression
A. Childs; Cranial electrotherapy stimulation reduces aggression in a violent retarded population: a preliminary report; The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and clinical Neurosciences; 2005 Herbst; 17(4): S. 548-51
Insomnia
Marshall F. Gilula; Daniel L. Kirsch; Cranial electro therapy (CES) in the Treatment of Insomnia: A Review and Meta-analysis; Journal of Neurotherapy; 2005, Vol. 9(2), S. 7-26; the Haworth Press
Lack of Concentration
S. Southworth; The family institute and Associates; A study of the effects of CES on attention and concentration; Integrative physiological and behavioural science; Jan-Mar 1999, Vol. 34, No. 1, S. 43-53
Learning Disability (in Alzheimer ́s)
Improvement in word recognition:
Ferrucci et al.; Transcranial direct current stimulation improves recognition memory in Alzheimer disease; Neurology; 2008 June 4; epub ahead of print
Withdrawal from Smoking
William S. Eidelmann; Control of cigarette cravings with cranial electrotherapy stimulation; Townsend letter; 2009, June
Studies and Case Reports - Infections
Shingles
C. McMakin; Non-pharmacologic treatment of shingles; Mai 2010; Practical Pain Management; S. 24-29
Studies and Case Reports - Neurology
Memory Improvement in Alzheimerś
Ferrucci et al.; Transcranial direct current stimulation improves recognition memory in Alzheimer disease; Neurology; 2008 June 4; epub ahead of print
Tinnitus
C. H. Chouard, B. Meyer, D. Maridat; Transcutaneous electrotherapy for severe tinnitus; Acts Otolaryngol; 1981; 91: S. 415-22
M. Engelberg, W. Bauer; Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for tinnitus; Laryngoscope 1985; 95: S.1167-72
Ronald L. Steenerson, Gave W. Cronin; Treatment of tinnitus with electrical stimulation; Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; 1999 Nov; Vol. 121, S. 1-4
F. Fregni et al.; Transient tinnitus suppression induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation; European Journal of Neurology; Sept. 2006; Vol. 13( 9), S. 996–1001T.
Stroke
Motor function improvement: Boggio et al; Repeated sessions of noninvasive brain DC stimulation is associated with motor function improvement in stroke patients; Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience; 2007; 25: S. 123-129
Reaction times improvement: Hummel et al; Effects of brain polarization on reaction times and pinch force in chronic stroke; BMC Neuroscience; 2006, 7: S. 73
Parkinson
F. Fregni, P. S. Boggio, M. C. Santos, M. Lima, A. L. Vieira, S. P. Rigonatti, M. T. A. Silva, E. R. Barbosa, M. A. Nitsche; Noninvasive cortical stimulation with transcranial direct current stimulation in Parkinson´s Disease; 2006, Movement Disorders, Vol. 21, Nr. 10, S. 1693-1702
Pain in Parkinson:
H. D. Rintala; G. Tan; P. Willson; S. Bryant Mon; E. C. H. Lail; Feasibility of Using Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation for Pain in Persons with Parkinson Disease; Research Article, SAGE-Hindawi access to research, Parkinson´s Disease 2010 Vol., 2010 Article ID 569154 S. 1-8
Parkinson (pain; rehabilitation):
J. A. Williams, M.A.; M. Imamura; F. Fregni; Updates on the use of non-invasive brain stimulation in physical and rehabilitation medicine; Journal of Rehabilitational Medicine; 2009; 41: S. 305-311
Neuritis
Neuropathic pain:
Soler, H. Kumru, R. Pelayo, J. Vidal, J. M. Tormos, F. Fregni, X. Navarro, A. Pascual-Leone; Effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation and visual illusion on neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury;
Brain: A Journal of Neurology; 2010 Sep, 133(9): S. 2565-77. Epub 2010 Aug 4
Epilepsy
D. M. Durand; M. Bikson; Suppression and control of epileptiform activity by electrical stimulation: A review;
Proceedings of the IEEE; Juli 2001, Vol. 89, Nr. 7, S. 1065-1082
F. Fregni et al.; A controlled clinical trial of cathodal DC polarization in patients with refractory epilepsy;
International League Against Epilepsy; Epilepsia, 2006, 47(2): S. 335-342; Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
M. A. Nitsche; W. Paulus; Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Protocols in the Treatment of Epilepsy: Current
State and Perspectives; Neurotherapeutics: The Journal of the American Society for Experimental
NeuroTherapeutics;April 2009; Vol. 6, S. 244-250
Multiple Sclerosis
Ray B. Smith; The use of cranial electrotherapy stimulation in the treatment of multiple sclerosis; The
original internist, Sep 2002, Vol. 9, Nr. 3, S. 25-28
Studies and Case Reports – Skin
Skin Infections
G. Yosipovitch; H. I. Maibach; Skin surface pH: a protective mantle; Department of Dermatology, UCSF
Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
H. Lambers; H. Pronk; S. Piessens; E. Voss; Natural human skin surface is on average below 5; Sara Lee Houshold and Bodycare Research; The Hague; NL
Psoriasis
A. Philipp; G. K. Wolf; B. Rzany; H. Dertinger; E. G. Jung; Interferential current is effective in palmar psoriasis:
an open prospective trial; European Journal of Dermatology; 2000, 10: 195-8
Idiopathic Hyperhidrosis
E. Hölzle, et al.; Guideline of the German Society of Dermatology: recommendations on tap water
iontophoresis; 11/11/2008
Studies and Case Reports – Injuries, Wound Treatment
Wound Treatment, Burns
M. O. Ullah; A study to detect the efficacy of microcurrent therapy on pressure ulcers; Proceedings of Pakistan
Academy of Sciences; 2007; 44(4): S. 281-287
S. Young; S. Hampton; M. Tadej; Study to evaluate the effect of low-intensity pulsed electrical currents on levels of oedema in chronic non-healing wounds; Journal of wound care; 2011 Aug, Vol. 20, Nr. 8, S. 368-373
Pamela E. Houghton, Cynthia B. Kincaid, Marge Lovell, Karen E. Campbell, David H. Keast, M. Gail Woodbury and Kenneth A. Harris; Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Chronic Leg Ulcer Size and Appearance; Physical Therapy: Journal of The American Physical Therapy Association, 2003 Jan, Vol. 83 Nr. 1, S. 17-28
R. Karba, D. Semrov, L. Vodovnik et al.; DC electrical stimulation for chronic wound healing enhancement. Part 1. Clinical study and determination of electrical field distribution in the numerical wound model; Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics; 1997; 43: S. 265-270
P. J. Carely, S. F. Wainapel;
Electrotherapy for acceleration of wound healing: low intensity direct current;
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; 1985; 66: S. 443-446
Pain Reduction
Mustafa Oncel, Sureyya Sencan, Hakan Yildiz, Necmi Kurt; Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain management in patients with uncomplicated minor rib fractures; European Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery; 2002; S. 13–17; Elsevier
Edema
S. Young; S. Hampton, BSc; M. Tadej; Study to evaluate the effect of low-intensity pulsed electrical currents on levels of oedema in chronic non-healing wounds; Journal of wound care; 2011 Aug, Vol. 20, Nr. 8, S. 368-373
Studies and Case Reports - Cardio-Vascular Diseases
Hypertension
A. Vlasov, A. Safronov, V. Vladimirsky, A. Vladimirskaya, M. Umnikova; Efficiency of dynamic electroneurostimulation in patients with arterial hypertension; Ural state Medical Academy, Yekaterinburg, Russia; 2006; S. 1-2
V. I. Podzolkov; T. S. Mlnikova; I. A. Suvorova; L. I. Churganova; S. P. Starovoitova; Cranial electrostimulation -a new nondrug method of treating the initial stage of hypertension 1992; Terapeuticheskii Arkhiv; 64(1): S. 24-27Josef Kowarschik; Physical Therapy; Vienna, Springer Verlag, 2. edition, 1957, pp. 119 and p. 30
Studies and Case Reports – Internal Medicine
Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Chronic Wounds
Bok Y. Lee, Noori AL-Waili, Dean Stubbs, Keith Wendell, Glenn Butler, Thia AL-Waili, Ali AL-Waili; 2010; Ultra-low microcurrent in the management of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and chronic wounds: Report of twelve cases and discussion of mechanism of action; International Journal of medical sciences; 7(1): S. 29-35
Liver Diseases (Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, etc.)
D. N. Jemeljanov; A. V. Tumarenko; 2009; Transcranial Electro Stimulation in the treatment of chronic diffuse liver diseases; Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd Russian Academy of Sciences, I.P. Pavlovés Institut of Physiology; Centre of Transcranial Electro Stimulation (TSS); essay collection „Transcranial electro stimulation, clinical studies”, Bd. 3, ed. Prof. Dr. V. P. Lebedeva, Sankt-Petersburg 2009, p. 124-134.
Ulcers of the Stomach and Duodenum
V. P. Lebedev, Ya. S. Katsnelson, Yu. D. Zilber, M. V. Stepanova M. S., Transcranial electrostimulation of the brain opioid structure, in the treatment of ulcerative disease, of the stomach and the duodenum; Uritski City Hospital No.18, Leningrad, USSR Sovetskaya Meditsina, 1990; no. 1, pp. 30-33.